CALL (Computer-assisted Language Learning)

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• Computer-assisted language learning (CALL) is succinctly defined in a seminal work by Levy (1997: p. 1) as "the search for and study of applications of the computer in language teaching and learning". CALL embraces a wide range of information and communications technology applications and approaches to teaching and learning foreign languages,
• The term CALI (computer-assisted language instruction) was in use before CALL, reflecting its origins as a subset of the general term CAI (computer-assisted instruction). CALI fell out of favour among language teachers, however, as it appeared to imply a teacher-centred approach (instructional), whereas language teachers are more inclined to prefer a student-centred approach, focusing on learning rather than instruction. The design of CALL materials generally takes into consideration principles of language pedagogy and methodology, which may be derived from different learning theories (e.g. behaviourist, cognitive, constructivist) and second-language learning theories such as Stephen Krashen's monitor hypothesis.
• The main purpose of CALL is to find some ways for using computers for teaching and learning the language. In other explanation, CALL is the use of computer technologies which promote educational system, including word processing, presentation packages, task and practice, tutor, simulation, problem solving, educational games, multimedia, and internet access for language learning purposes.

Advantages and Disadvantages of CAL

                   Advantages of CALL

• 1.      CALL can improve the student’s prior knowledge
  2.      By using CALL for educational purpose, it can adapt to the learners abilities and preference
  3.      CALL offers the private learning
  4.      CALL can lead learners to control their own learning process and progress.
  5.      CALL can be used for remedial work for slow learners to be fast learners.
  6.      CALL can make a cooperative learning
  Disadvantages of CALL
  1.      Need more preparation to conduct a lesson
  2.      Schools may lack funds for CALL implementations. Some CALL hardware and software are very expensive. It is problematic in schools that have limited funding.
  3.      There are some technical errors can be happened.
  4.      There is fear that the computer might isolate students from social activities.